Amnesty International’s director for East and Southern Africa, Tigere Chagutah, called on parties to Sudan’s armed conflict to ensure that humanitarian aid reaches the most vulnerable populations as the rainy season threatens to exacerbate disease and hunger. In Sudan, more than 11 million people have fled their homes due to armed conflict between the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF).

“To stop this humanitarian emergency from spiraling further, parties to the armed conflict must facilitate rapid, unconditional and safe access to humanitarian aid, and end all attacks on humanitarian objects and personnel,” Chagutah said.

Amnesty International said that the necessities that displaced and exposed Sudanese refugees need access to food, water, medical services, and adequate shelter. UNICEF singled out children as among the most vulnerable, reporting that more than 40,000 children were treated for severe acute malnutrition in North Darfur state alone.

Chagutah called for increased emergency funding in response to the humanitarian crisis:

Sudan is the world’s largest displacement and humanitarian crisis, yet the humanitarian response for 2025 is grossly underfunded. This will go down in history as an abject failure unless Sudan’s international partners rise to the occasion and increase emergency funding for the humanitarian response in Sudan, as well as for Sudanese refugees. More must be done to save lives. The international community cannot afford to look away.

Amnesty International criticized parties to the conflict for attacking and impeding access to humanitarian personnel. Hospitals and humanitarian convoys have reportedly suffered targeted attacks, and food and water have been deliberately withheld. The International Criminal Court (ICC) has argued that there are “reasonable grounds” to believe that war crimes and crimes against humanity are being committed in Western Sudan. The ICC expressed particular concern around targeted sexual violence against women and girls of specific ethnic groups.

In April, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) called for malnutrition treatment supplies and food distribution programs to be put into place immediately, before the rainy season makes communities harder to reach.

In January, the US determined that the RSF and allied militias had committed acts of genocide on the basis of sexual violence against women and targeted killings of men. As a result, the US’s then-Secretary of State Antony Blinken announced sanctions against RSF leader Mohammed Hamdan Daglo, known as Hemedti.